Fort Independence Playground
Poe Park - 3.02 acres
The American Revolution (1763-1789), the fight
for our nation's independence from British rule, irrevocably shaped the
course of American history and physically transformed the colonial landscape.
Evidence of Revolutionary War action is imprinted on New York City from
the Battery in Manhattan to Fort Greene in Brooklyn, from Newtown Creek
in Queens to Port Richmond in Staten Island. The Bronx neighborhood of Kingsbridge,
so named for the first bridge connecting Manhattan with the mainland in
1693, was strategically important during the Revolution in the New York
Campaign and subsequently in the British defense of the city. As Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army,
General George Washington ordered the construction of outer defenses throughout
the Kingsbridge area. Fort Independence was built under the direction of
Colonel Rufus Putnam in 1776 to protect the American army and to safeguard
the line of the Harlem River. An entrenchment ten feet wide and three and
a half feet deep surrounded the austere fort. From its elevated position,
the site commanded an extensive prospect of the surrounding countryside.
In the fall of 1779, the fort was destroyed by British forces led by Sir
Henry Clinton. The site has had other historic uses. The Jerome
Park Racetrack occupied the site from 1876 to 1890. The track was closed
to accommodate the Jerome Park Reservoir which was filled first in 1905,
holding 773 million gallons of water. The racetrack and reservoir take their
name from Leonard W. Jerome (1817-1891), founder of the American Jockey
Club. For years, he was the principal owner of the New York Times and supported
the arts, establishing the Academy of Music. His daughter, Jennie Jerome,
was the wife of Randolph Churchill and the mother of Winston Churchill. This property was acquired by condemnation
in 1895 as part of the Jerome Park Reservoir, and was placed under the jurisdiction
of the Department of Parks in 1915. In the same year, several cannon balls
were unearthed at the site of Fort Independence, known as Giles Place. They
were identified as remnants of George Washington's command at the fort.
The park property was named Fort Independence Park in honor of this historic
discovery. The Daughters of the Revolution dedicated a plaque in memory
of the officers and soldiers of the Continental Army in 1916. Early plans of Fort Independence Park indicate
a playground complete with basketball courts, swings, playhouses, shower
basin, comfort stations, flagpole and overlook. The area was rehabilitated
and the playground reconstructed during the latter part of 1956 to include
a sandpit, seesaw, kindergarten swings and slide, basketball and handball
courts, and bicycle path. In 1997 Fort Independence Park was reconstructed
under a requirements contract funded by Mayor Giuliani. New features include
play equipment, safety surfacing, paving, and a flagpole.
Wednesday, Jul 07, 1999